[24] POTENTIAL DEGRADATION OF HARMFUL SYNTHETIC DYES USING ISOLATED AND PURIFIED LACCASES EXTRACTED FROM TRIGONELLA FOENUM GRACEUM: How to Cite the Article: Ayeesha A D, Sourav N V, Likitha H, Sarina P Khabade (2026). Potential Degradation of Harmful Synthetic Dyes Using Isolated and Purified Laccases Extracted from Trigonella Foenum Graceum. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Reviews, 5(s2). 206-218.

Ayeesha D A , Sourav V N, Likitha H & Sarina P Khabade

Authors

Ayeesha D A , Sourav V N, Likitha H & Sarina P Khabade Department of PG Studies in Biotechnology Nrupathunga University, K R Circle, Bengaluru-560001, India.

Abstract

The increasing use of synthetic dyes in the textile, paper, and plastic industries has led to severe environmental pollution owing to their toxic, carcinogenic, and non-biodegradable nature. Conventional physicochemical treatment methods often fall short because of high cost and secondary pollution. Sustainable alternative enzymatic degradation is a promising strategy for dye removal. Laccases are multicopper oxidases capable of oxidizing a wide range of phenolic and nonphenolic compounds in dyes. In this study, laccase was isolated and purified from Trigonella foenum-graceum (fenugreek seeds). The extracted enzyme was characterized in terms of optimum pH-7, temperature of 350C, and time of 30 minutes. Enzymatic degradation assays were conducted using synthetic dyes such as thiazine, azo, phthalein, sulfonphthalein and triarylmethane dyes. The results demonstrated a significant decolourization efficiency with degradation rates exceeding 50%. Spectrophotometric analysis confirmed the breakdown of the complex dye molecules into less toxic intermediates. These findings highlight the potential of plant-derived laccases as eco-friendly biocatalysts in wastewater treatment and industrial dye degradation.