[2] MODERN EVOLUTION OF INDIA’S ECONOMIC STRUCTURE: FROM ANCIENT TRADE TO MODERN LIBERALIZATION
How to Cite the Article: Sakshi Chanana (2026). Modern Evolution of India’s Economic Structure: From Ancient Trade to Modern Liberalization. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research & Reviews, 5(5),21-30. https://doi.org/10.56815/ijmrr.v5i5.2026.21-30
Abstract
The dynamic shift of India's economic structure from ancient agricultural systems to a modern mixed economy is reflected in the country's economic history. The main stages of India's economic development are covered in this study, including the flourishing of ancient trade networks, the agrarian- based economy of the Middle Ages, the effects of colonial economic policies during British rule, and the era of post-independence planning. Specific consideration is given to the economic drain theory, deindustrialization, land income systems, and the move towards liberalization after 1991. The study emphasizes how colonial exploitation drastically changed India's traditional trade and industries, while reforms after independence concentrated on industrialization, the development of the public sector, and poverty reduction. In addition, the study examines how economic liberalization, globalization, and technological innovation have impacted India's development path. This study offers a thorough overview of India's economic development and the difficulties encountered in attaining sustainable and inclusive development by analyzing past economic strategies and their long-term effects.
